Germany has made important changes to its citizenship law, making the naturalization process more accessible for individuals who meet specific requirements. This article provides a detailed overview of the process of obtaining German citizenship, the necessary conditions, and key points to consider.

Basic Requirements for German Citizenship

1. Legal Residence Period
   Generally, applicants must have legally and continuously resided in Germany for at least 5 years.

2. Residence Permit
   The applicant must hold a permanent residence permit or a residence permit that leads to permanent residency (e.g., work permits). Residence permits for educational purposes are notconsidered sufficient.

3. Financial Stability
   The applicant must be able to support themselves and any dependents without relying on social welfare benefits.

4. Language Proficiency
   Proof of German language skills at least at B1 level is required. This can be demonstrated through a language certificate or a school diploma obtained in Germany.

5. Knowledge of Society and Legal System
   Applicants must have basic knowledge of Germany’s legal system, social structure, and way of life, usually assessed through the “Life in Germany” test.

6. Clean Criminal Record
   Applicants must not have been convicted of serious crimes and must not be under ongoing criminal investigation.

7. Commitment to Constitutional Order
   Applicants must support Germany’s democratic constitutional order and must not engage in activities against it.

Citizenship Application Process

• Contact the Relevant Authority: Applications must be submitted to the local Foreigners’ Office (Ausländerbehörde) or the municipal citizenship office.

• Required Documents:

  • Valid passport

  • Residence permit documents

  • Language proficiency certificate

  • Proof of financial stability

  • Criminal record clearance

  • Citizenship test results

• Fees: As of 2025, the application fee is €255 for adults and €51 for minors.

• Processing Time: The evaluation process typically takes 6 to 24 months.

Family Members and Children

Children of applicants may also obtain citizenship under certain conditions, depending on the authorities’ discretion.

Dual Citizenship and New Regulations

Under the 2024 legal reform, Germany has adopted a more flexible approach to dual citizenship. It is now possible to retain your original citizenship when acquiring German citizenship.

Important Notes

• Holders of certain residence permits (e.g., for education) cannot apply for citizenship.

• Applicants convicted of serious crimes may be rejected.

• Those involved in activities against Germany’s constitutional order will not be granted citizenship.

The naturalization process may vary depending on the applicant’s level of integration and legal status. Therefore, it is advisable to consult the relevant authorities before applying.